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11. The ambassador of Emperor James I, who reached in the court of Jahangir in 1615 was ________.
[A] Sir James Hay
[B] Sir Thomas Roe
[C] Sir Thomas Howard
[D] Sir John Digby
Correct Answer: B [Sir Thomas Roe]
Notes:
As an ambassador of Emperor James l, Sir Thomas Roe reached in the court of Mughal Emperor Jehandri at Agra in 1615. Jehangir presented him the Mansab of 400.
12. Who was the last independent Nawab of Bengal?
[A] Anwaruddin
[B] Mir Kasim
[C] Mir Jafar
[D] Siraj ud Daula
Correct Answer: D [Siraj ud Daula]
Notes:
Siraj ud Daula succeeded Alivardi Khan (Maternal grandfather) as the Nawab of Bengal in 1756 when he was 23. He lost the Battle of Plassey on 23 June 1757 due to the betrayal of Mir Jafar (Commander of Nawab’s army). He is considered to be the last independent Nawab of Bengal.
13. Who among the following was nominated as first Satyagrahi by Mahatma Gandhi for the Individual Satyagarha of 1940?
[A] Sarojini Naidu
[B] Jawarharlal Nehru
[C] Lal Bahadur Shastri
[D] Vinoba Bhave
Correct Answer: D [Vinoba Bhave]
Notes:
The Congress faced confusion again after the August Offer. The radicals and leftists aimed to start a mass Civil Disobedience Movement, but Gandhi pushed for Individual Satyagraha instead. This Individual Satyagraha was meant to support the right to free speech, not to demand independence. The first person chosen for Satyagraha was Acharya Vinoba Bhave, who was imprisoned for speaking out against the war. The second was Jawahar Lal Nehru. The third was Brahma Datt, a member of Gandhi’s Ashram.
14. Under which among the following treaties, Clive had secured the grant of the diwani of Bengal, Bihar and Odisha from Mughal Emperor Shah Alam?
[A] Treaty of Allahabad
[B] Treaty of Buxar
[C] Treaty of Bassein
[D] Treaty of Sugauli
Correct Answer: A [ Treaty of Allahabad]
Notes:
Clive had secured the grant of the diwani of Bengal, Bihar and Orissa from Mughal Emperor Shah Alam under Treaty of Allahabad 1765.
15. In which year, Sabarmati Ashram was established?
[A] 1919
[B] 1915
[C] 1916
[D] 1917
Correct Answer: B [1915]
Notes:
Sabarmati Ashram or Gandhi Ashram (Harijan Ashram, or Satyagraha Ashram) is located in Ahmedabad, Gujarat. It was was originally established at the Kocharab Bungalow of Jivanlal Desai (A barrister and friend of Gandhiji) on 25 May 1915. The ashram was relocated to an area on the banks of the river Sabarmati on 17 June 1917. It was the place from where Dandi march was started on 12 March 1930.
16. Frazer Commission was established for reforms in which among the following in 1902?
[A] Police
[B] Eduction
[C] Army
[D] Civil service
Correct Answer: A [Police]
Notes:
The Indian Police Commission of 1902-03, known as the Frazer Commission, was set up by the British government in India to improve the police system. Sir Andrew Frazer led the commission along with Lord Curzon. Its main aim was to make the police force in India more efficient and effective. A major recommendation was to create a centralized police intelligence system, which greatly enhanced police intelligence gathering and analysis. The Commission also suggested separating the police’s executive and judicial roles and establishing a police training school. Overall, the recommendations of the Frazer Commission significantly influenced the Indian police system, and many were put into action.
17. Who among the following is the author of “Mahatma Gandhi and His Myths”?
[A] Dominique Lepierre
[B] Mark Shepard
[C] Minoo Masani
[D] None of the above
Correct Answer: B [Mark Shepard]
Notes:
“Mahatma Gandhi and His Myths: Civil Disobedience, Nonviolence, and Satyagraha in the Real World” was written by Mark Shepard. The book discussed about the exact implicit meaning nonviolent action of Gandhiji.
18. Who among the following attained martyrdom in jail while on hunger strike?
[A] Jatin Mukherjee
[B] Chandra shekar Azad
[C] Sachin Sanyal
[D] Jatin Das
Correct Answer: D [Jatin Das]
Notes:
Jatindra Nath Das was an Indian freedom fighter and revolutionary. In Lahore jail, on 13 July 1929 he started a hunger strike with other revolutionary fighters by demanding equal treatment for Indian political prisoners with those from Europe. He died on 13 September 1929 at the age of 24 after 63 days long Hunger Strike.
19. All India Khilafat Conference was held in 1919 at _________.
[A] Lahore
[B] Mumbai
[C] Delhi
[D] Dhaka
Correct Answer: C [Delhi]
Notes:
After the Jalianwala bagh incident, Gandhiji wrote in his “Young India” magazine that “This satanic government can not be mended, it must be ended”. Later he realized the Khilafat movement could unite Hindu and Muslim together. In the year 1919 (24th November), Gandhiji presided the All India Khilafat Conference in Delhi. The non-violence agenda was taken by the Khilafat Committee in June 1920.
20. Who among the following established Ramakrishna Mission?
[A] Swami Nityaswarupananda
[B] Swami Ashokananda
[C] Swami Vivekananda
[D] Swami Kirtidananda
Correct Answer: C [Swami Vivekananda]
Notes:
Ramakrishna mission is a Hindu religious and spiritual organisation which was founded on 1 May 1897 by Swami Vivekananda. The headquarter of the organization is located at Belur Math, Howrah. Sri Ramakrishna Paramahansa Dev was an saint, and religious leader in 19th century Bengal. He was a Priest at Dakshineswar Kali Temple. Swami Vivekananda was one of the notable disciples of Ramkrishna Dev. It was said that before his death Ramkrishna Dev transferred all his spiritual power to Vivekananda.
