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1. Which of the following language was abolished by William Bentinck as the court language?
[A] Persian
[B] Arabic
[C] Urdu
[D] Hindi
Correct Answer: A [Persian]
Notes:
William Bentinck, the Governor-General of India from 1828 to 1835, implemented several reforms, including those related to education and the court system. He stopped the use of the Persian language as the court language and replaced it with the vernacular language. It was become easy to practice judicial cases and addressing of grievances in the native language.
2. Which of the following reforms was carried out by Lord Hardinge I?
- He reduced salt duty and many octroi duties
- He encouraged free trade
- He reduced the military expenditure
- He took initiative for the preservation of ancient monuments
Choose the correct option from the codes given below :
[A] 1 & 2
[B] 1 & 4
[C] 2, 3 & 4
[D] 1, 2, 3 & 4
Correct Answer: D [1, 2, 3 & 4]
Notes:
Reforms of Lord Hardinge I – He initiated efforts to safeguard historical monuments. He implemented reductions in military spending. Additionally, he lowered the salt tax and various octroi duties, promoting the concept of free trade. Furthermore, he abolished the practice of human sacrifice that was observed among the Gond tribe in Odisha.
3. By the Charter Act of 1793, the trade monopoly of the Company was extended to how many years?
[A] 5
[B] 15
[C] 20
[D] 24
Correct Answer: C [20]
Notes:
By the Charter Act of 1793, the trade monopoly of the Company was extended for a further 20 years. The Company was responsible for paying salaries to the staff and paid members of the Board of Control. The act also clarified that the East India Company operated on behalf of the British government, establishing that the company’s political and administrative functions were on behalf of the British government.
4. Who of the following was imprisoned for six years in Mandalay during the time of Swadeshi movement?
[A] Lala Lajapat Roy
[B] Aurobindo Ghosh
[C] Bal Gangadhar Tilak
[D] Ajit Singh
Correct Answer: C [Bal Gangadhar Tilak]
Notes:
Bal Gangadhar Tilak was imprisoned for six years in Mandalay as part of the Swadeshi movement. He wrote articles in his publications, ‘Maratha’ and ‘Keshari,’ that criticized British colonial rule, resulting in charges of sedition. In 1908, he was arrested, and while in prison, he composed the book “Gita Rahasya” (The Essence of the Bhagavad Gita).
5. The magazine Commonweal and New India belong to who of the following?
[A] Annie Besant
[B] Bipin Chandra Paul
[C] Aurobindo Ghosh
[D] Lala Lajpat Roy
Correct Answer: A [Annie Besant]
Notes:
In the year 1914, Annie Besant published Commonweal (2nd January) and New India (14th July) to promote his ideals. Commonweal was a weekly newspaper dealing with issues of national reform. New India was a daily newspaper, which played a significant role in promoting Home Rule and revolutionizing Indian journalism. In the year 1916 (September), She established the Home Rule League.
6. From whom Gandhiji received his first lessons of non-violence and truth?
[A] Rajchandra Ravjibhai
[B] M.G. Ranade
[C] G.K. Gokhale
[D] Lala Lajpat Roy
Correct Answer: A [ Rajchandra Ravjibhai ]
Notes:
Mahatma Gandhi received his first lessons in non-violence and truth from the Jain philosopher and poet, Shrimad Rajchandra (Raychandbhai), whom he met in Bombay.
7. Which among the following act was known as “The Gagging Act”?
[A] Vernacular Press Act
[B] Licensing Regulations Act of 1823
[C] Censorship of Press Act of 1799
[D] Press Act 1835
Correct Answer: A [Vernacular Press Act]
Notes:
The Vernacular Press Act of 1878, enacted by the British colonial government under Lord Lytton, was popularly known as “The Gagging Act” due to its aim to suppress the Indian-language press. The act was repealed by Lord Ripon in 1882.
8. Who among the following was the founder of Brahmo Sabha?
[A] Devendranath Tagore
[B] Raja Rammohan Roy
[C] Keshab Chandra Sen
[D] Shivnath Shastri
Correct Answer: B [Raja Rammohan Roy]
Notes:
The Brahmo Samaj was founded by Raja Ram Mohan Roy along with Dwarkanath Tagore and others on August 20, 1828 at Calcutta. It was renamed as Brahmo Samaj in the year 1930. In the year 1843, Devendranath Tagore joined.
9. Who among the following was the founder of Sangat Sabha?
[A] Raja Rammohan Roy
[B] Keshub Chandra Sen
[C] Debendranath Tagore
[D] Henry Derozio
Correct Answer: B [Keshub Chandra Sen]
Notes:
The Sangat Sabha, a small society for discussing spiritual matters, was founded by Keshab Chandra Sen in 1859. It was an organization of the general public of individual devotees to spread common spiritual beliefs among its members.
10. Who among the following was known as Periyar?
[A] E.V. Ramaswamy
[B] Gopal Hari Deshmukh
[C] C.N Mudaliar
[D] P. Tyagaraja
Correct Answer: A [E.V. Ramaswamy]
Notes:
Erode Venkatappa Ramasamy (17 September 1879 – 24 December 1973), commonly known as Periyar, was an Indian social activist and politician. He started the Self-respect movement in the year 1925 in Tamil Nadu. He is known as Periyar. In the year 1919, he joined the Congress party but left in 1925.
