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1. Which of the following chaired first Round Table Conference?
[A] Ramsay Macdonald
[B] Winston Churchill
[C] Clement Attlee
[D] Stanley Baldwin
Correct Answer: A [Ramsay Macdonald]
Notes:
The First Round Table Conference was opened officially by King George V on November 12, 1930 in London. It was chaired by British Prime Minister Ramsay MacDonald. The first session (1930- 1931) had 73 representatives, from all Indian states and all parties except the Indian National Congress, which was waging a civil disobedience campaign against the government.
2. Which one of the following was the first English ship that came to India?
[A] Red Dragon
[B] Elizabeth
[C] Bengal
[D] Mayflower
Correct Answer: A [Red Dragon]
Notes:
Formed on 31 December, 1600, the East India Company’s first voyage departed on 13 February 1601. The flagship of the five-vessel fleet was the Scourge of Malice, purchased from the Earl of Cumberland for 3700 pounds. On a more peaceful mission, the East India Company renamed the vessel the Red Dragon. The other vessels in the fleet were the Hector (300 tons), Ascension (260 tons), Susan (240 tons) and the Gift, a small victualler.
3. Who said that India’s soul lives in villages?
[A] Mahatma Gandhi
[B] Jayaprakash Narayan
[C] Jawahar Lal Nehru
[D] Vinoba Bhave
Correct Answer: A [Mahatma Gandhi]
Notes:
Gandhi had said: India’s “soul” lives in villages. He, therefore, in his constructive work programme gave primacy to rural work. He wanted workers to go to villages and work with the people. His special emphasis was to improve the status of rural women.
4. Consider the following statements:
- Tata Iron and Steel Company Limited (TISCO) was started in 1907.
- It was started at Sakchi, near the confluence of the rivers Subarnarekha and Kharkai in Odisha.
- Before Independence, it was only one iron and steel plant in India.
- Which of the above is / are correct?
[A] Only 1 and 2
[B] Only 1 and 3
[C] Only 2 and 3
[D] All of the above
Correct Answer: B [Only 1 and 3]
Notes:
Before 1947, there was only one iron and steel plant in the country – Tata Iron and Steel Company Limited (TISCO). It was privately owned. After Independence, the government took the initiative and set up several iron and steel plants. TISCO was started in 1907 at Sakchi, near the confluence of the rivers Subarnarekha and Kharkai in Jharkhand. Later on Sakchi was renamed as Jamshedpur.
5. Who was the first Indian to receive the Ramon Magsaysay Award for his contribution to community leadership?
[A] Baba Amte
[B] Acharya Vinoba Bhave
[C] Verghese Kurien
[D] Arvind Kejriwal
Correct Answer: B [Acharya Vinoba Bhave]
Notes:
Acharya Vinoba Bhave was a nonviolence activist, freedom activist, social reformer and spiritual teacher. He is best known for his ‘Bhoodan Movement’ (Gift of the Land). He was the first recipient of the international Ramon Magsaysay Award for Com-munity Leadership in 1958. He was also conferred with the Bharat Ratna (India’s highest civilian awards) posthumously in 1983.
6. In which year, Sardar Patel started his political association with Mahatma Gandhi?
[A] 1914
[B] 1915
[C] 1916
[D] 1917
Correct Answer: D [1917]
Notes:
Initially, Patel did not have much interest in Gandhian politics. However, impressed by Gandhi’s acts during 1916-17, particularly at Champaran, Patel accepted Gandhi as his Guru. Patel entered politics towards the end of 1917 when he attended the Gujarat Sabha’s Provincial Political Conference at Godhra presided by Gandhi, and attended, among others, by Tilak and Jinnah.
7. In which year, Khilafat Manifesto was published?
[A] 1917
[B] 1918
[C] 1919
[D] 1920
Correct Answer: D [1920]
Notes:
Ottoman emperor was also a Caliph/Khalifa, and being so, he was nominally the supreme religious and political leader of all Muslims across the world. With the defeat of the Ottomans in World War I, an outcry to save the Khalifa and Caliphate emerged across the Muslim world, including in India. A number of Muslim leaders including Maulana Muhammad Ali, his brother, Maulana Shaukat Ali, Maulana Abul Kalam Azad came together to form the All India Khilafat Committee. They published the Khilafat Manifesto in 1920 calling upon the British to protect the caliphate, and exhorting the Indian Muslims to unite and hold the British accountable on that count.
8. Who among the following is known for establishing a Secret Radio Transmitter with Babu Bhai Prasad during freedom struggle?
[A] Hansa Jivraj Mehta
[B] Aruna Asaf Ali
[C] Usha Mehta
[D] Bhogeswari Phukanani
Correct Answer: C [Usha Mehta]
Notes:
Usha Mehta is known for running a secret Congress Radio during freedom struggle. She was a graduate of Bombay University and joined the Quit India Movement in 1942. She worked secretly with Babu Bhai Prasad and established a Secret Radio Transmitter. She was repressed by the British to disclose the names of her colleagues but refused to do so. Later she became a lecturer in Bombay.
9. Who founded the newspaper “The Hindu”?
[A] G Subramania Ayyar
[B] James Hickey
[C] Lala Lajpat Rai
[D] M Veeraraghavachari
Correct Answer: A [G Subramania Ayyar]
Notes:
G Subramania Ayyar has founded the Newspaper THE HINDU in 1878. It was founded in Chennai.
10. Which of the following events is not considered for the time being of Viceroy Lord Lytton?
[A] Afghan War
[B] Burma war
[C] Arms Act
[D] Press Act
Correct Answer: B [Burma war]
Notes:
There have been three Burmese Wars or Anglo- Burmese Wars. They are as follows:
- First Anglo-Burmese War (1824 to 1826): during the viceroyalty of Lord Amherst;
- Second Anglo-Burmese War (1852 to 1853): Lord Dalhousie;
- Third Anglo-Burmese War (1885): Lord Dufferin.
