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Modern Indian History Multiple Choice Questions (MCQ Quiz) with answers and detailed explanations to help you prepare for General Studies and General Knowledge for different competitive exams like SSC, UPSC, Railways, Banking, SSC-CGL, NDA, CDS, and State Public Service Commissions.
1. Which among the following movements started with breaking the salt law?
[A] Non-cooperation Movement
[B] Home Rule Movement
[C] Quit India Movement
[D] Civil Disobedience Movement
Correct Answer: D [Civil Disobedience Movement]
Notes:
The Civil Disobedience Movement started when the Salt law was broken in March 1930. This movement, known as the Salt March or Dandi March, was led by Mahatma Gandhi, who took a group from Sabarmati Ashram to Dandi, a coastal town. They marched 240 miles over 24 days. Gandhi broke the salt law by making salt from seawater and was arrested on May 4th. The Salt Act of 1882 made it illegal for Indians to collect or sell salt. The British government enforced a high salt tax and controlled the production and sale of salt. Gandhi’s movement protested against the harsh salt tax. The movement concluded on April 7, 1934.
2. During which among the following movements, Mahatma Gandhi remarked: “on bended knees I asked for bread and received stone instead” ?
[A] Khilafat Movement
[B] Non-Cooperation Movement
[C] Dandi March
[D] Quit India Movement
Correct Answer: C [Dandi March]
Notes:
Dandi March(12th March 1930) also known as the Salt Satyagraha, was undertaken by Gandhiji . He led the Dandi march from his base, Sabarmati Ashram near Ahmedabad, to the sea coast near the village of Dandi. The triggering factor for this movement was the British monopoly of salt trade in India and the imposition of a salt tax. It was a direct action campaign of tax resistance and nonviolent protest against the British salt monopoly in colonial India, and triggered the wider Civil Disobedience Movement. “On bended knees I asked for bread and I have received stone instead”, was a remark made by Gandhi ji in the beginning of the march.
3. In which year East India Company was brought under British parliamentary control?
[A] 1793
[B] 1773
[C] 1813
[D] 1853
Correct Answer: B [1773]
Notes:
The regulating act of 1773 was the first step of the British government to control and regulate the affairs of the East India Company. Finally, The Act for the good government of India of 1858 abolished the East India Company and the powers were taken over by the British Crown.
4. In which year,Bharat Ratna was announced for Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose?
[A] 1988
[B] 1994
[C] 1993
[D] 1992
Correct Answer: D [1992]
Notes:
In 1992, the Government of India decided to confer Bharat Ratna to Subhash Chandra Bose, but it was opposed by some members of his family who had refused to accept the fact of his death. In 1997 as per the Supreme Court’s verdict Bose’s award was cancelled. It is the only case in India when the award was announced but not conferred
5. Who among the following established the “Sadar Diwani Adalat”?
[A] John Macpherson
[B] Lord Cornwallis
[C] Warren Hastings
[D] Lord Wellesly
Correct Answer: B [Warren Hastings]
Notes:
The Sadar Diwani Adalat was the top revenue court in British India, set up in Calcutta by Warren Hastings in 1772. It underwent reforms in 1780 and again in 1793 by the British Parliament. The judges included the Governor General and members of the East India Company’s Council, along with local judges and revenue officers. This court was created to let Hindu Indians follow Hindu law for property issues instead of Muslim law, although they still had to follow Muslim criminal law. The court was closed down after the Indian Rebellion of 1857.
6. Saya Sen rebellion during 1930s happened in which of these regions?
[A] Burma
[B] Bengal
[C] Madrass
[D] Nepal
Correct Answer: A [Burma]
Notes:
The Saya Sen rebellion occurred in Burma, now Myanmar, during the 1930s. It was led by Saya Sen, a healer and astrologer who claimed to be the reincarnation of the ancient king Anawrahta. In December 1930, Saya San and his mainly Karen followers revolted against the British colonial government. Their rebellion arose from various issues, such as dissatisfaction with British rule, concerns over the decline of traditional Karen culture, and resistance to forced labor by the colonial authorities. The rebellion was mostly unsuccessful and was quickly crushed by the British military within a few months. Saya Sen was captured and sentenced to death, while many of his followers were also arrested. This rebellion had a significant effect on Karen politics and boosted support for the Karen independence movement.
7. The Cripps Mission was welcomed and accepted by which among the following ?
[A] Congress
[B] Muslim League
[C] Hindu Mahasabha
[D] None of them
Correct Answer: D [None of them]
Notes:
The Cripps mission arrived in India in March 1942, led by Sir Stafford Cripps. Its purpose was to negotiate with the Congress leaders. The mission urged India to support the British war effort and promised elections and full self-government or Dominion status after World War II ended. However, the Muslim League rejected the Cripps proposal because it did not include a separate Pakistan. Additionally, the Sikhs, Hindu Mahasabha, Anglo-Indians, Christians, and the depressed classes also turned down the proposal due to the lack of safeguards for their interests.
8. Who founded Satya Shodhak Samaj?
[A] Mahatma Jyotiba Phule
[B] Athma Ram Pandu Ranga
[C] Raja Ram Mohan Roy
[D] Swami Vivekananda
Correct Answer: D [Mahatma Jyotiba Phule]
Notes:
Satyashodhak Samaj was founded by Jyotirao Govindrao Phule in Pune, Maharashtra, on 24 September 1873. It was a social reform society. It mainly focused on empowering the underprivileged groups, women, Shudras, and Dalits. Savitribai (Wife of Jyotirao) was the head of women’s section of the organization.
9. The efforts of which among the following leaders were successful passing of the Bombay Primary Education Act?
[A] Ganesh Vasudev Mavalanka
[B] R. K. Shanmukham Chetty
[C] Vitthal Bhai Patel
[D] Govind Ballabh Pant
Correct Answer: C [Vitthal Bhai Patel]
Notes:
Vithalbhai Patel was the elder brother of Sardar Patel and a political leader of India. Bombay Primary Education Act was the first act in India via which the state accepted the principle of compulsory primary education in a province. The Bill was introduced in the Legislative assembly of Bombay by Vitthal Bhai patel and, the bill got passed as Bombay Primary Education Act 1918.
10. Which among the following great revolutionaries was the brain behind the ‘Chittagong Armoury Raid’?
[A] Surya Sen
[B] Chandrashekhar Azad
[C] V.D Sarvarkar
[D] Lala Hardayal
Correct Answer: A [Surya Sen]
Notes:
Chittagong armoury raid was conducted on 18 April 1930. The operation was led by Surya Sen. The mission was conducted by the members of the Indian Republican Army. He was arrested on 16th April 1933 and was hanged on 12th January 1934.
