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1. Which country plans to launch a statistical business register by the end of 2025?
[A] India
[B] Australia
[C] Japan
[D] Sri Lanka
Correct Answer: A [India]
Notes:
The Indian government intends to establish a statistical business register by the end of 2025. This project aims to track the opening and closing of businesses throughout the country. It will serve as a foundation for the economic census and various business surveys. The register is intended to improve data accuracy and minimize errors in collecting business information. Its main objective is to gather comprehensive details about all enterprises in India, monitoring both active and closed businesses. This information will be vital for conducting the economic census and other surveys, including the Annual Survey of Industries and the Annual Survey of Unincorporated Sector Enterprises. The Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation (MoSPI) will oversee the register and plans to use various data sources, such as the Employees’ Provident Fund Organisation, the Ministry of Corporate Affairs database, Goods and Services Tax records, and the database for micro, small, and medium enterprises. Sample data has already been collected from several agencies.
2. Which ministry has recently organized the Purple Fest 2025?
[A] Ministry of Education
[B] Ministry of Current Affairs
[C] Ministry of Health and Family Welfare
[D] Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment
Correct Answer: D [Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment]
Notes:
The Purple Fest 2025 took place at Rashtrapati Bhavan, organized by the Department of Empowerment of Persons with Disabilities (DePwD) under the Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment. The event attracted 23,500 participants and aimed to enhance inclusivity, accessibility, and empowerment for Divyangjan (Persons with Disabilities). It included literary discussions, sports events, corporate partnerships, and cultural performances, all designed to create opportunities and promote an inclusive society. The Union Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment, in collaboration with Rashtrapati Bhavan, has established the Purple Fest as a key initiative for Divyangjans in India. Since 2022, the Ministry has also been hosting the Divya Kala Mela to highlight the talents and entrepreneurial skills of Divyang artisans, entrepreneurs, and artists nationwide, providing them with a platform to market their products. The Purple Fest emphasizes the cultural and athletic accomplishments of Divyang individuals.
3. Which organization reported that migrant deaths reached a record high in 2024?
[A] International Labour Organization (ILO)
[B] United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)
[C] International Organization for Migration (IOM)
[D] World Health Organization (WHO)
Correct Answer: C [International Organization for Migration (IOM)]
Notes:
In 2024, the International Organization for Migration (IOM) documented a shocking total of 8,938 migrant deaths, the highest number seen in five years. This troubling trend highlights the dangerous journeys many people undertake in search of safety or improved opportunities. The actual death toll is likely even greater, as many fatalities go unreported. Asia had the most migrant deaths in 2024, with 2,788 lives lost. The Mediterranean Sea was not far behind, with 2,452 deaths recorded. Africa reported 2,242 fatalities, while the Americas had at least 1,233 deaths, including 341 in the Caribbean. Europe saw 233 deaths, and the Darien Gap between Colombia and Panama reached a record high of 174 fatalities. Several factors are driving the increase in migrant deaths. Ongoing conflict and violence in their home countries push people to flee. Stricter border policies and hazardous migration routes also raise the risks involved. Additionally, ongoing humanitarian crises worsen these issues, leaving migrants exposed to exploitation and dangerous situations.
4. Bharat Petroleum Corporation Limited (BPCL) has recently inaugurated its floating solar power plant in which place?
[A] Kochi
[B] Goa
[C] Visakhapatnam
[D] Mangalore
Correct Answer: A [Kochi]
Notes:
Bharat Petroleum Corporation Limited (BPCL) has made a notable advancement in sustainable energy by launching its floating solar power plant at the Kochi Refinery. The official opening took place on Friday, March 22, 2025, led by Chief Secretary Sarada Muraleedharan. This development represents a significant achievement in BPCL’s commitment to incorporating renewable energy into its operations. The plant has a capacity of 3.2 MW AC. It is built on a rainwater harvesting pond located within the Kochi Refinery area. The facility covers 8 acres of the total 19-acre waterbody. BPCL has invested around ₹28.93 crore in this renewable energy project.
5. Which organization has recently reported that the world is facing alarming rates of glacier thinning, particularly in the Hindu Kush Himalaya (HKH) area?
[A] United Nations Report
[B] World Economic Forum
[C] World Bank
[D] International Maritime Organization (IMO)
Correct Answer: A [United Nations Report]
Notes:
Glacier thinning is occurring at alarming rates around the world, especially in the Hindu Kush Himalaya (HKH) region. A recent report from the United Nations indicates that glaciers in this area are retreating 65% faster from 2011 to 2020 than in the previous decade. Released on World Day for Glaciers, the report emphasizes the urgent need to tackle climate change. The HKH region, often referred to as the “Third Pole,” is vital for water supply. It covers five million square kilometers and has around 100,000 square kilometers of glaciers. These glaciers nourish ten major river systems that are essential for nearly two billion people. If global temperatures continue to rise, glacier volume could significantly decrease by 2100, jeopardizing water security for millions.
6. In which year, is India planning to launch Chandrayaan-4, its fourth lunar mission?
[A] October 2027
[B] October 2028
[C] October 2029
[D] October 2030
Correct Answer: A [October 2027]
Notes:
Chandrayaan-4 is India’s upcoming lunar mission, scheduled for launch in October 2027. The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) plans to achieve a significant milestone by not only landing softly on the Moon but also gathering lunar samples to bring back to Earth. This mission marks a step forward in India’s space exploration efforts. Chandrayaan-4 will include two spacecraft, each weighing around 4,750 kg. Instead of launching a single large craft, ISRO will utilize two LVM3 rockets. The mission will feature complex docking and undocking operations in space, showcasing India’s growing technological skills. The Indian Government has set aside Rs 2,104 crores (approximately $240 million) for this endeavor. The main goal is to collect samples from the Moon’s southern polar regions, which are of significant scientific interest. This mission aims to place India alongside the USA, Russia, and China, who have all successfully completed lunar sample return missions.
7. Who has recently been appointed as the new Chancellor (Chairperson) of NIIT University (NU)?
[A] Sharwanand Dube
[B] Arun Jain
[C] Amitabh Kant
[D] Sumanth Sharma
Correct Answer: C [Amitabh Kant]
Notes:
NIIT University (NU) has appointed Shri Amitabh Kant, former NITI Aayog CEO and India’s G20 Sherpa, as its new Chancellor (Chairperson), effective March 10, 2025 Kant, recognized for his knowledge in economic policy and technological advancements, succeeds Shri K Kasturirangan, a prominent scientist. This appointment marks a significant leadership change, as Kant brings a wealth of experience in economic development, policy formulation, and innovation driven by technology. Under his guidance, NU aims to enhance its focus on education and skills that align with industry needs, continuing the legacy of growth and reputation established during Kasturirangan’s tenure.
8. Who has recently been appointed as the new brand ambassador of GOibibo?
[A] KL Rahul
[B] Rishabh Pant
[C] Rohit Sharma
[D] Virat Kohli
Correct Answer: B [Rishabh Pant]
Notes:
Goibibo, a leading online travel platform, has appointed Rishabh Pant as its new brand ambassador, partnering with cricket icon Sunil Gavaskar for an exciting campaign. This initiative cleverly incorporates a famous line from Gavaskar’s commentary, showcasing Goibibo’s lively and youthful marketing style.
9. Who has been appointed as Joint Secretary (Director level) in UPSC?
[A] Vinod Kumar
[B] Ramprasad Varma
[C] Ajay Sandhu
[D] Anuj Kumar Singh
Correct Answer: D [Anuj Kumar Singh]
Notes:
Anuj Kumar Singh, an officer from the 2009 batch of the Indian Railway Service of Electrical Engineers (IRSEE), has been named Joint Secretary (Director level) at the Union Public Service Commission (UPSC) in Delhi, as part of the Central Staffing Scheme. His term will last for five years or until further notice. Singh, who was chosen for this central deputation based on the Ministry of Railways’ recommendation, aims to utilize his technical and administrative skills to improve the operational efficiency and strategic framework of UPSC.
10. Where will the Maharashtra government construct a grand memorial of Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj?
[A] Pune
[B] Mumbai
[C] New Delhi
[D] Agra
Correct Answer: D [Agra]
Notes:
The Maharashtra government is taking steps to honor Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj. On March 21, 2025, an expert committee was established under the Minister of Tourism to manage the creation of a significant memorial in Agra. This location is historically important as it was where Shivaji was placed under house arrest by Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb. The government plans to acquire land for the memorial, which will feature a museum and educational displays to highlight Maratha history. Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj was born on February 19, 1630, and became a powerful leader during the Mughal era in India. His mother, Jijabai, played a crucial role in shaping his early life, instilling in him a strong sense of duty and pride in his heritage. In 1666, Shivaji was summoned to Agra by Aurangzeb, but suspecting a trap, he attended with hopes of negotiation. Instead, he was put under house arrest. Showing great cleverness, Shivaji pretended to be ill and escaped by hiding in baskets of sweets. This bold escape further solidified his reputation as a skilled tactician and leader.
11. Vinod Kumar Shukla has been named the recipient of the 59th Jnanpith Award, he is an eminent writer of which language?
[A] Gujarati
[B] Marathi
[C] Hindi
[D] Bengali
Correct Answer: C [Hindi]
Notes:
Famous Hindi writer Vinod Kumar Shukla has received the 59th Jnanpith Award, India’s top literary honor. At 88 years old, he is recognized for his impactful work in Hindi literature, known for a unique writing style that blends creative language with deep emotions. He stands out as the first author from Chhattisgarh to earn this prestigious award and is the 12th Hindi writer to be honored in this manner.
12. Which Indian-origin woman has recently been honored with induction into the Singapore Women’s Hall of Fame?
[A] Kamaladevi Aravindan
[B] Dina Mehta
[C] Manjula Padmanabhan
[D] Usha Ganguli
Correct Answer: A [Kamaladevi Aravindan]
Notes:
Kamaladevi Aravindan, an acclaimed writer and playwright of Indian descent, was recently inducted into the Singapore Women’s Hall of Fame, joining five other women. This brings the total number of honorees to 198 since the hall’s establishment in 2014. Aravindan has an impressive portfolio, having written over 160 short stories and essays, 18 stage plays, 300 radio dramas, and five books. Additionally, she leads creative writing workshops organized by the National Library Board and the Association of Singapore Tamil Writers.
13. Which railway zone becomes the first railway zone to achieve 250 MT of Freight Loading in 2024-25?
[A] East Coast Railway
[B] Eastern Railway
[C] Central Railway
[D] Konkan Railway
Correct Answer: A [East Coast Railway]
Notes:
East Coast Railway (ECoR) has set a remarkable record in Indian Railways by becoming the first railway zone in the country to handle 250 million tons (MT) of originating freight in the financial year 2024-25. This achievement was accomplished on March 21, 2024, 11 days earlier than expected, further establishing ECoR as the leading freight-loading railway zone in India. For the second year in a row, ECoR has showcased its efficiency and strength in freight transport by exceeding 250 MT of originating freight. This significant milestone has strengthened its role as an essential contributor to India’s logistics and economic development.
14. Which organization has published the United Nations World Water Development Report 2025?
[A] United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)
[B] United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)
[C] World Economic Forum (WEF)
[D] United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO)
Correct Answer: D [United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO)]
Notes:
The 2025 United Nations World Water Development Report, released by UNESCO, underscores the essential function of mountains and alpine glaciers, referred to as water towers, in supporting ecosystems, economies, and human societies. Forests occupy 40% of mountainous regions, while grasslands and alpine tundra are found at higher altitudes. Approximately two-thirds of the world’s irrigated agriculture relies on runoff from these mountainous areas. Mountain permafrost contains 66 petagrams of soil organic carbon, accounting for 4.5% of the global carbon reservoir. Additionally, mountains are home to 25 out of 34 biodiversity hotspots, safeguarding critical plant genetic resources. The ongoing loss of glaciers poses a significant threat to water security, with projections indicating that the Hindu Kush Himalayas may experience a 50% reduction in glacier mass by 2100. The phenomenon known as watermelon snow, caused by red algae blooms, further accelerates glacier melting. Urban development disrupts the natural hydrological cycle, exacerbating ecological crises, while atmospheric pollution raises black carbon concentrations in ice cores and lake sediments.
15. Which country secured the second spot globally for all-time funding in women-led tech startups?
[A] Japan
[B] South Korea
[C] Singapore
[D] India
Correct Answer: D [India]
Notes:
In 2024, global investment in women-led tech startups fell to $29.6 billion, representing an 11% decrease from $33.1 billion in 2023 and a 21% drop from $37.5 billion in 2022. Despite this decline, India ranked second worldwide for total funding in women-led tech startups, following the United States, as reported by Tracxn. Economic challenges have led to a decrease in overall investments; however, sectors like Enterprise Applications, Life Sciences, and FinTech still managed to draw considerable funding.
16. Which state in India is the first to air legislative assembly sessions in sign language?
[A] Gujarat
[B] West Bengal
[C] Punjab
[D] Odisha
Correct Answer: C [Punjab]
Notes:
Punjab has set a precedent as the first Indian state to broadcast Legislative Assembly sessions using sign language. This initiative was introduced by Dr. Baljit Kaur, the Minister for Social Security, Women, and Child Development, aiming to improve access to legislative discussions for individuals with hearing disabilities. Significantly, the Governor’s address during the Budget Session was also delivered in sign language. The initiative was led by the Ministry of Social Security, Women, and Child Development and is in accordance with Section 40 of the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016. The Speaker, Kultar Singh Sandhwan, has supported this initiative for the 16th Punjab Legislative Assembly.
17. Which state government has recently launched the ‘Elvad Panchayat Abhiyan’ to encourage panchayats to declare themselves “Maoist-free”?
[A] Jharkhand
[B] Assam
[C] Odisha
[D] Chhattisgarh
Correct Answer: D [Chattisgarh]
Notes:
The government of Chhattisgarh has introduced a program to eliminate Maoist influence in the Bastar region. This initiative, called the ‘Elvad Panchayat Abhiyan’, encourages local councils to help individuals involved in Naxal activities surrender. The goal is to foster peace and boost development in areas that have experienced violence. Under the ‘Elvad Panchayat Abhiyan’, panchayats are urged to declare themselves “Maoist-free”. Each council is responsible for ensuring that all residents involved in Naxal activities surrender. In exchange, the government will provide ₹1 crore for construction projects to aid development. This initiative is designed to create a safer environment for the communities in Bastar.
18. Which state government has recently inaugurated the state’s first scientific coal mining block, “Saryngkham-A”?
[A] Mizoram
[B] Nagaland
[C] Meghalaya
[D] Assam
Correct Answer: C [Meghalaya]
Notes:
Meghalaya’s Chief Minister Conrad K. Sangma has launched the state’s first scientific coal mining block, named “Saryngkham-A,” located in Byndihati, East Jaintia Hills. This development represents a major change from the previously used rat-hole mining method, which was prohibited by the National Green Tribunal (NGT) in 2014 due to safety and environmental issues. The NGT’s ban was a response to the dangerous and unregulated rat-hole mining practices that involved narrow tunnels and manual coal extraction, resulting in many accidents and significant environmental harm, especially in the coal-rich Jaintia Hills area. However, in 2019, after ongoing efforts by the Meghalaya government, the Supreme Court lifted the ban, allowing for scientific coal mining to proceed under strict regulations.
19. Which country’s delegation has recently partnered with Odisha to explore vocational education and skill development partnerships?
[A] UK
[B] France
[C] Singapore
[D] Japan
Correct Answer: A [UK]
Notes:
A delegation from the UK Skills and Chartered Bodies Mission is in Odisha to seek partnerships in vocational education and skill development. Their talks are aimed at boosting industry-led training initiatives, adopting UK-style apprenticeships, and enhancing education in advanced manufacturing, renewable energy, digital skills, and sustainable infrastructure. Odisha’s Minister for Skill Development and Technical Education, Sampad Chandra Swain, along with Andrew Fleming, the British Deputy High Commissioner to East and North-East India, highlighted the opportunity for stronger collaboration to build a skilled workforce that can compete globally. The delegation is working with the state government to improve vocational training and implement UK-based training models that support industry-driven skill programs.
20. World Meteorological Day is observed every year on which day?
[A] March 21
[B] March 22
[C] March 23
[D] March 24
Correct Answer: C [March 23]
Notes:
World Meteorological Day 2025 will be celebrated on March 23, 2025, commemorating the 75th anniversary of the World Meteorological Organization (WMO). The theme for this year, “Closing the Early Warning Gap Together,” highlights the crucial role of early warning systems in mitigating the effects of severe weather and climate change. World Meteorological Day is celebrated annually on March 23rd to commemorate the establishment of the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) in 1950.
21. George Foreman, the legendary Boxer and business icon passed away at 76, was from which country?
[A] UK
[B] America
[C] France
[D] Canada
Correct Answer: B [America]
Notes:
American boxing icon George Foreman, celebrated for his incredible return to the sport and his achievements in business, died on March 21, 2025, at 76 years old. His family shared the news in a heartfelt Instagram post, honoring him as a humanitarian, an Olympic athlete, and a two-time heavyweight champion.
