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1. Garden Reach Shipbuilders & Engineers Ltd. (GRSE) has signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) for Modular Steel Bridges aimed at improving connectivity in which state?
[A] Arunachal Pradesh
[B] Nagaland
[C] Mizoram
[D] Meghalaya
Correct Answer: B [Nagaland]
Notes:
On March 19, 2025, Garden Reach Shipbuilders & Engineers Ltd. (GRSE) entered into a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with the Public Works Department of Nagaland. The purpose of this agreement is to provide eight sets of double-lane modular steel bridges. This marks GRSE’s first partnership with a northeastern state in India. The signing event took place in Kohima, with important officials from both GRSE and the Nagaland Public Works Department in attendance. This MoU signifies GRSE’s expansion into the northeastern region of India. The modular steel bridges will improve connectivity in Nagaland and aid in infrastructure development. This collaboration demonstrates GRSE’s dedication to growing its operations and supporting regional progress.
2. Which country’s supreme court has recently ordered the establishment of measures to protect six crucial breeding sites to save the African penguin from extinction?
[A] Namibia
[B] Niger
[C] South Africa
[D] Kenya
Correct Answer: C [South Africa]
Notes:
The African penguin, a species native to southern Africa, is experiencing significant population declines. Recent legal efforts in South Africa have begun to implement protections for these penguins and their nesting areas. A significant court ruling on March 18, 2025, established a 10-year ban on commercial fishing near six crucial breeding colonies. This ruling seeks to combat serious threats to their food sources, especially from sardine and anchovy fishing. Since the 1980s, the African penguin population has dropped by more than 60%. Contributing factors to this decline include overfishing, oil pollution, and predation. The number of breeding pairs has fallen from over 140,000 in the late 1950s to just over 25,000 by 2009. Conservationists caution that without action, these penguins could become extinct in the wild by 2035. The High Court of South Africa’s ruling bans commercial fishing within a 20 km radius of breeding colonies on Robben Island and Bird Island, with stricter regulations for other colonies. This decision follows a legal challenge from conservation groups, including Birdlife South Africa and SANCCOB, and aims to secure the long-term survival of the African penguin and other marine species.
3. Which African country is facing an environmental emergency due to an acid spill from a copper mine operated by a Chinese company?
[A] Tanzania
[B] Zambia
[C] Angola
[D] Eritrea
Correct Answer: B [Zambia]
Notes:
Zambia is facing an environmental crisis due to an acid leak from a copper mine operated by a Chinese company. This incident took place on February 18, 2025, when a dam failed, releasing around 50 million liters of toxic waste into a tributary of the Kafue River. This river is essential for millions of people, providing water for drinking, fishing, and farming. The acid spill has raised serious concerns about its long-term impact on the environment and local communities. Following the dam failure at Sino-Metals Leach Zambia, acidic waste containing heavy metals and dissolved solids was released, contaminating areas over 100 kilometers downstream. The Kafue River, which stretches over 1,500 kilometers, is crucial for Zambia’s population. The leak has caused significant ecological harm, with dead fish found along the riverbanks. Residents have noticed drastic changes in the river’s ecosystem, with crops being ruined and fears of groundwater contamination increasing. The Kafue River basin is home to about 60 percent of Zambia’s population, making this situation urgent.
4. The dog-faced water snake, scientifically known as Cerberus rynchops, has recently been spotted in which Northeastern state of India?
[A] Mizoram
[B] Meghalaya
[C] Assam
[D] Manipur
Correct Answer: C [Assam]
Notes:
The dog-faced water snake, or Cerberus rynchops, has been spotted in Assam for the first time. This sighting is significant as it is far from the species’ typical coastal environments. A group of herpetologists and local snake rescuers made the discovery in the floodplains of Garemara, located in Nalbari district. This finding highlights the species’ adaptability and raises questions about its ecological behavior. Cerberus rynchops is a mildly venomous snake with rear fangs, primarily living in brackish waters. It uses a sit-and-wait strategy to catch fish and crustaceans. Usually, it resides in mangroves, coastal mudflats, and estuaries throughout South and Southeast Asia, as well as in parts of Australia. The presence of this snake in Assam is unusual since it is generally linked to coastal ecosystems, with the closest known habitat being about 800 km away on Sonadia Island in Bangladesh. This discovery may indicate shifts in the species’ distribution and its ability to adapt to new habitats. Further studies could shed light on its ecological adaptability and movement patterns.
5. Recently, which state has achieved notable success in the Shyama Prasad Mukherji Rurban Mission (SPMRM)?
[A] Karnataka
[B] Telangana
[C] Maharashtra
[D] West Bengal
Correct Answer: B [Telangana]
Notes:
Telangana has recently made significant progress in the Shyama Prasad Mukherji Rurban Mission (SPMRM). As of January 25, 2025, it holds the fourth position in India with a score of 91.87. Launched by the Government of India, this mission aims to develop 300 clusters of villages, working to reduce the gap between rural and urban areas while preserving rural lifestyles. The SPMRM seeks to enhance rural regions by offering urban-like amenities and includes participation from 34 states and union territories. The mission is dedicated to creating clusters that boost local economies and improve living conditions. Telangana is actively involved with 17 clusters, investing ₹1885.11 crores.
6. Which company launched the first satellite for the FireSat project?
[A] Google
[B] Amazon
[C] Facebook
[D] SpaceX
Correct Answer: A [Google]
Notes:
Google recently launched the first satellite as part of the FireSat project, which has successfully reached low Earth orbit. This initiative plans to deploy a network of more than 50 satellites that will utilize artificial intelligence to spot and monitor wildfires as small as 5×5 meters. FireSat aims to improve the early detection of wildfires. The satellite was developed by Muon Space, a startup based in California, and is fitted with six-band multispectral infrared cameras. These cameras are specially designed to detect heat signatures from wildfires from a significant distance.
7. Which company has recently introduced Vayu, a next-generation AI-driven cloud solution aimed at enterprises?
[A] Jio
[B] Bharti Airtel
[C] Indus Tower
[D] Tata Communications
Correct Answer: D [Tata Communications]
Notes:
Tata Communications has launched Vayu, an advanced AI-driven cloud solution tailored for businesses. This platform focuses on enhancing cost efficiency, scalability, and AI performance by combining Infrastructure-as-a-Service (IaaS), Platform-as-a-Service (PaaS), security features, AI infrastructure, and cloud connectivity into one cohesive system. Vayu promises to deliver enterprise cloud services that are both cost-effective and adaptable. It offers savings of 15-25% compared to leading cloud providers, removes data egress fees, and simplifies multi-cloud management. Tata Communications refers to Vayu as a next-generation cloud fabric that helps companies improve performance while keeping costs in check.
8. Who has been elected as the first woman president of the International Olympic Committee (IOC)?
[A] Kirsty Coventry
[B] P.T. Usha
[C] Serena Williams
[D] Evgeniya Andreevna Kosetskaya
Correct Answer: A [Kirsty Coventry]
Notes:
Kirsty Coventry, an iconic swimmer from Zimbabwe, made history on March 20, 2025, by breaking the glass ceiling of the International Olympic Committee (IOC) to become its first female and first African president in the organization’s 130-year existence. Her election signifies a new chapter for the IOC, representing advancements in diversity and inclusivity in global sports leadership. Coventry is one of Africa’s most celebrated Olympians, having earned seven Olympic medals in swimming. She won gold in the 200m backstroke at the 2004 Athens Olympics and successfully defended her title in Beijing in 2008. Her impact in the Olympic community expanded when she joined the IOC Athletes’ Commission in 2012. Throughout the years, she has been a strong advocate for athlete representation, sports development in Africa, and gender equality in sports governance.
9. Who was honored with the Lifetime Achievement Award by the UK Government?
[A] Amitabh Bachchan
[B] Chiranjeevi
[C] Kamal Haasan
[D] Rajinikanth
Correct Answer: B [Chiranjeevi]
Notes:
Telugu cinema icon Chiranjeevi was honored with the Lifetime Achievement Award for his outstanding contributions to Indian cinema, cultural influence, and community service. This accolade was presented by the London-based think tank Bridge India at a distinguished event held at the House of Commons in the UK Parliament on Thursday evening. The celebrated actor was recognized for his significant impact on the Indian film industry and his philanthropic efforts.
10. Who has recently received the Maharashtra Bhushan Award?
[A] Ram Sutar
[B] Arun Yogiraj
[C] Subodh Gupta
[D] Jitish Kallat
Correct Answer: A [Ram Sutar]
Notes:
Renowned sculptor Ram Sutar, celebrated for his creation of the Statue of Unity, has received the prestigious Maharashtra Bhushan award. This recognition was announced by Maharashtra Chief Minister Devendra Fadnavis during a session of the Legislative Assembly, following a unanimous decision made by the selection committee on March 12, 2025. At the remarkable age of 100, Sutar remains an active contributor to India’s artistic legacy and has been commissioned to create a statue of Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar for Chaityabhoomi.
11. Who has been honored with the Knight’s Cross of the Order of Dannebrog by the King of Denmark?
[A] Ajay Bhushan
[B] Sarvesh Kumar
[C] Vijay Sankar
[D] Swaroop Pande
Correct Answer: C [Vijay Sankar]
Notes:
Vijay Sankar, who is the Honorary Consul General of Denmark for Southern India and the Chairman of The Sanmar Group, has received the Knight’s Cross of the Order of Dannebrog from the King of Denmark. This prestigious award acknowledges his outstanding consular work and efforts to enhance Indo-Danish relations. The presentation took place on March 18, 2025, in Chennai, led by Rasmus Abildgaard Kristensen, the Danish Ambassador to India. The event also celebrated the Sankar family’s long-standing connection with Denmark’s consular services, spanning over fifty years.
12. Who has recently been honored with the 2025 Stockholm Water Prize?
[A] Günter Blöschl
[B] Mary Pikul Anderson
[C] John Williams
[D] Jennifer McIntosh
Correct Answer: A [Günter Blöschl]
Notes:
Renowned hydrologist Günter Blöschl has received the 2025 Stockholm Water Prize for his innovative research in flood risk assessment and water resource management. The Prize Committee made this announcement on March 20, 2025. This award acknowledges Blöschl’s significant contributions to understanding flood risks and managing water resources in the context of climate change. His research has greatly improved global flood prediction models, aiding communities in preparing for severe weather events.
13. What is the name of the book that was officially released to celebrate the 50th anniversary of India’s first Hockey World Cup win in 1975?
[A] The glory of 1975 Hockey World Cup
[B] 1975 Hockey World Cup Victory
[C] March of Glory
[D] Winning Team of 1975
Correct Answer: C [March of Glory]
Notes:
To celebrate the 50th anniversary of India’s first Hockey World Cup win in 1975, a book named ‘March of Glory’ was launched on March 18, 2025, at Shivaji Stadium in New Delhi. Co-authored by hockey historian K. Arumugam and journalist Errol D’Cruz, the book details the Indian team’s remarkable journey to victory in Kuala Lumpur on March 15, 1975. It features important match information, quotes from players, and over 250 rare photographs, providing a thorough look at India’s comebacks, a surprising defeat to Argentina, and the nail-biting semifinal and final wins. The launch event was graced by Hockey India president Dilip Tirkey, 1975 World Cup champions H. J. S. Chimni and Ashok Kumar, along with Olympians Harbinder Singh, Zafar Iqbal, Vineet Kumar, and 300 young hockey fans from One Thousand Hockey Legs (OTHL). Dilip Tirkey highlighted the book’s significance in preserving the rich history of Indian hockey.
14. Who is the author of the book “To the Seventh Generation: The Journey of Christian Medical College Vellore”?
[A] Dr. V.I. Mathan
[B] Dr. J. Thomas
[C] Dr. David Mathew
[D] Dr. Aravind George
Correct Answer: A [Dr. V.I. Mathan]
Notes:
On March 20, 2025, Dr. V.I. Mathan, the former director of Christian Medical College (CMC) Vellore, introduced the book “To the Seventh Generation: The Journey of Christian Medical College Vellore” in Chennai. The first copy was presented to Dr. Vikram Mathew, the current director and haematologist at CMC Vellore. The second copy was given to Dr. V.V. Bashi, who is the director of the Institute of Cardiac Diseases at SIMS, Vadapalani. This book details the historical development of CMC Vellore, featuring contributions from its founder, Ida Scudder.
15. Recently, which social media platform has initiated legal proceedings against the Government of India in the Karnataka High Court?
[A] Telegram
[B] Facebook
[C] Instagram
[D] X (Twitter)
Correct Answer: D [X (Twitter)]
Notes:
Recently, social media platform X, previously known as Twitter, has filed a lawsuit against the Government of India in the Karnataka High Court. The case disputes the government’s interpretation of Section 79(3)(b) of the Information Technology (IT) Act. X claims that the government’s content regulation methods are illegal and violate online free speech. This legal action comes amid rising tensions between the platform and Indian authorities over issues of content management and censorship. The conflict began when X refused to participate in the Government of India’s ‘Sahyog’ portal, which aims to foster collaboration between social media platforms and law enforcement. Elon Musk, the CEO of X, argued that the platform has its own system for reporting cybercrime. Notably, X is the only major platform that has not joined the Sahyog initiative, which has been embraced by 38 other companies.
16. A recent report called “Transforming Forest Finance” was published by the Forest Declaration Assessment. Which organization provided support for it?
[A] World Economic Forum (WEF)
[B] World Bank
[C] United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)
[D] World Meteorological Organization (WMO)
Correct Answer: C [United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)]
Notes:
A recent report called “Transforming Forest Finance” indicates that current funding methods are inadequate and sometimes even harmful. It points out a significant disparity between the financial support needed for forest conservation and what is actually provided. Released on March 20, 2025, by the Forest Declaration Assessment with backing from the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), the Climate and Land Use Alliance, and other collaborators, the report underscores a critical funding shortfall. This release comes just before the International Day of Forests, celebrated on March 21 each year. The report suggests that around $460 billion is required each year to effectively stop deforestation, yet the actual funding falls short. For every dollar spent on forest protection, six dollars are directed towards activities that contribute to deforestation, like industrial agriculture and logging. In 2023, private financial institutions invested $6.1 trillion in sectors linked to deforestation, while governments allocated $500 billion in harmful subsidies.
17. Who published the 2030 Global Forest Vision: Priority Actions for Governments in 2025?
[A] World Meteorological Organization (WMO)
[B] World Economic Forum (WEF)
[C] United Nations
[D] Forest Declaration Assessment
Correct Answer: D [Forest Declaration Assessment]
Notes:
The 2030 Global Forest Vision: Key Actions for Governments in 2025 was released on March 19, 2025, by the Forest Declaration Assessment ahead of World Forest Day. This report received support from the United Nations Development Programme, Climate Land Use Alliance, and other collaborators. In 2023, deforestation hit an alarming 6.37 million hectares, which is comparable to nine million soccer fields. The regions most impacted include the Amazon, Southeast Asia, and Africa. In the Amazon, cattle ranching is the primary driver of deforestation, responsible for 80% of the forest loss. The report emphasizes the need for stronger trade policies and suggests banning imports of goods associated with deforestation. The European Union has implemented the Deforestation Regulation, mandating proof that products are not sourced from deforested areas. Similarly, the United States is tightening its regulations on illegal logging.
18. Which state/UT government has recently launched six mobile dental clinics to offer free oral healthcare to its residents?
[A] Delhi
[B] Ladakh
[C] Karnataka
[D] Maharashtra
Correct Answer: A [Delhi]
Notes:
On March 20, 2025, the Delhi government launched six mobile dental vans at the Maulana Azad Institute of Dental Sciences. Health Minister Pankaj Singh opened the clinic in honor of World Oral Health Day, with the goal of enhancing dental healthcare services across the state. These mobile clinics, developed in partnership with MAIDS, aim to increase access to dental care, particularly in underserved communities like slums. Each van is outfitted with modern dental chairs, portable X-ray machines, ultrasonic scalers, and sterilization tools. This initiative, introduced on World Oral Health Day, will provide free fluoride treatments, sealants, and basic restorative services, ensuring that residents throughout the city receive comprehensive dental care.
19. What is the mascot’s name for the 2025 Khelo India Para Games?
[A] Shakti
[B] Ujjwala
[C] Nisarg
[D] Prakriti
Correct Answer: B [Ujjwala]
Notes:
The Khelo India Para Games 2025 is scheduled for March 20 to 27, 2025, at three locations in New Delhi. Before the event, Dr. Mansukh Mandaviya, the Minister of Youth Affairs and Sports, unveiled the official anthem at Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium. The mascot, named ‘Ujjwala,’ was presented by Raksha Nikhil Khadse, the Minister of State for Sports. Inspired by the house sparrow, Ujjwala symbolizes resilience and determination, embodying the spirit of para-athletes and the lively city of Delhi. The Games logo, which features iconic landmarks of Delhi, was revealed by Devendra Jhajharia, President of the Paralympic Committee of India, along with Sminu Jindal, founder of Svayam. This edition will see over 1,300 para-athletes competing in six sports: para-archery, para-athletics, para-badminton, para-powerlifting, para-shooting, and para-table tennis. Notable participants include gold medalist archer Harvinder Singh and high jumper Praveen Kumar. This event follows the Khelo India Winter Games, which took place earlier this year in Jammu and Kashmir.
20. Which country was the first to qualify in the 2026 FIFA World Cup after the host countries?
[A] South Korea
[B] Indonesia
[C] Australia
[D] Japan
Correct Answer: D [Japan]
Notes:
Japan has officially qualified for the 2026 FIFA World Cup, becoming the first team to secure a spot after the host nations: the United States, Canada, and Mexico. Their qualification was confirmed with a 2-0 win against Bahrain at Saitama Stadium on March 20, 2025. Daichi Kamada and Takefusa Kubo scored in the second half, marking Japan’s eighth consecutive appearance in the World Cup. Coach Hajime Moriyasu thanked both the players and fans, highlighting the team’s dedication to continuous improvement. Bahrain’s coach, Dragan Talajic, recognized Japan’s capabilities and anticipated a strong showing in the World Cup. In other news, Australia improved its chances of qualification with a 5-1 victory over Indonesia, while South Korea held onto its Group B lead with a 1-1 draw against Oman.
21. What day is the International Day for the Elimination of Racial Discrimination observed each year?
[A] March 22
[B] March 21
[C] March 20
[D] March 19
Correct Answer: B [March 21]
Notes:
In 2025, we will celebrate the 60th anniversary of the International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination (ICERD), a significant treaty that the United Nations General Assembly adopted on December 21, 1965. Additionally, the International Day for the Elimination of Racial Discrimination, which takes place every year on March 21, emphasizes the advancements made in the fight against racial discrimination while recognizing the persistent issues that remain.
22. World Poetry Day 2025 is celebrated globally on which day?
[A] March 19
[B] March 20
[C] March 21
[D] March 22
Correct Answer: C [March 21]
Notes:
World Poetry Day 2025 is observed worldwide on March 21 to emphasize the importance of poetry as a universal form of expression. This day, established by UNESCO in 1999, encourages the reading, writing, publishing, and teaching of poetry while recognizing its contribution to cultural preservation and peacebuilding. UNESCO designated March 21 as World Poetry Day during its 30th General Conference, aiming to showcase poetry’s significance in linguistic and cultural heritage. For centuries, poetry has been a means of storytelling and artistic expression, connecting different cultures. Previously, October 15, the birthday of the Roman poet Virgil, was informally celebrated as Poetry Day, but UNESCO selected March 21 to bring together global efforts in honoring poetic creativity and linguistic diversity.
23. Which of the following has hosted the 14th World Down Syndrome Day Conference at the United Nations headquarters in New York?
[A] Down Syndrome International network
[B] World Bank
[C] World Economic Forum
[D] United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)
Correct Answer: A [Down Syndrome International network]
Notes:
The 14th World Down Syndrome Day Conference will take place at the United Nations headquarters in New York on March 21, 2025, organized by the Down Syndrome International network. Furthermore, a series of events will occur from March 20 to 22, 2025, at the United Nations in Geneva to celebrate World Down Syndrome Day. The theme for World Down Syndrome Day 2025 is “Improve Our Support Systems,” highlighting that individuals with Down syndrome can engage fully in all areas of life when given the right opportunities.
24. What is the theme of International Day of Forests 2025?
[A] Forests and innovation: new solutions for a better world
[B] Forests and health
[C] Forests and Food
[D] Forests and sustainable production and consumption
Correct Answer: C [Forests and Food]
Notes:
The International Day of Forests is celebrated worldwide on March 21, 2025, to emphasize the vital role of forests in food security and people’s livelihoods. The theme for 2025 is “Forests and Food,” which highlights the strong link between forests and nutrition. Forests are essential to our planet, contributing significantly to oxygen production, food availability, medicinal resources, and the livelihoods of millions. In addition to their ecological importance, forests enhance global food security by supplying vital resources like fruits, seeds, roots, and wild meat to indigenous and rural communities. To promote awareness about the need for forest conservation and sustainability, the United Nations (UN) established the International Day of Forests (IDF).
25. What is the theme of the World Water Day 2025?
[A] Leveraging Water for Peace
[B] Glacier Preservation
[C] Accelerating Change
[D] Groundwater: Making the Invisible Visible
Correct Answer: B [Glacier Preservation]
Notes:
World Water Day 2025, celebrated on March 22, focuses on the significance of freshwater and the necessity for its sustainable management. This year’s theme, “Glacier Preservation,” highlights the essential role glaciers play in ensuring water security, regulating the climate, and supporting life on our planet. The United Nations (UN) has called for worldwide efforts to safeguard glaciers as a means to address climate change and water shortages. The concept of World Water Day was first introduced in 1992 at the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED) held in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. After this conference, the UN officially established March 22 as the date for this annual observance.
