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1. At which of the following Harappan sites, an Inkpot has been discovered?
[A] Harappa
[B] Lothal
[C] Kalibangan
[D] Chanhudaro
Correct Answer: D [Chanhudaro]
Notes:
Chanhudaro is the only city from the Indus Valley civilization found without a citadel. A small pot was discovered on site, and it is assumed to be an ink pot.
2. In context with Vedic culture, in which of the following categories will be kept Gopath?
[A] Upveda
[B] Brahman
[C] Aranyaka
[D] Upnishada
Correct Answer: B [Brahman]
Notes:
Vedic culture places Gopath in the Brahman category. The main sources for learning about the Vedic age are the Vedic texts. This period occurred during the late Bronze Age and early Iron Age in India. The Vedas are religious texts that support Brahmanical beliefs. These texts provide information about life during that time.
3. Who was the first to propose that all objects in the physical universe can be reduced to a finite number of atoms?
[A] Maharishi Kapil
[B] Maharishi Kanaad
[C] Maharishi Vyas
[D] Maharishi Patanjali
Correct Answer: B [Maharishi Kanaad]
Notes:
Maharishi Kanaad was the first to postulate that everything in the physical universe could be reduced to a finite number of atoms. He was an ancient Indian philosopher who founded the Vaisheshika school of Indian philosophy which also postulated the concept of an atom.
4. Which among the following is correct about Bhaddasala?
[A] He was a poet in the court of Chandragupta Maurya
[B] He was the general of the Nanda Army
[C] He was an ambassador of Ceylon King sent to Asoka’s court
[D] He was a playwright in the Gupta Era
Correct Answer: B [He was the general of the Nanda Army]
Notes:
Bhaddasala was a general in the Nanda Army. The Nanda dynasty, which came before the Maurya Empire, was famous for its riches and strong military. Chandragupta Maurya eventually defeated the Nandas to create the Maurya Empire, one of the biggest empires in ancient India. The Nandas played a key role in developing new administrative methods and helped set up the Mauryan army.
5. Who among the following rulers of Karkota dynasty built the Martand Surya temple?
[A] Lalitaditya Muktapida
[B] Durlabh Vardhan
[C] Durlabahaka
[D] Avanativarmana
Correct Answer: A [Lalitaditya Muktapida]
Notes:
The Martand Sun Temple was constructed in the 8th century by Lalitaditya Muktapida, an emperor from the Kashmiri Karkota dynasty. In the early 15th century, the temple was destroyed by the Islamic ruler Sikandar Butshikan.
6. Which Indus site shows the evidence of further strengthening of the defences at a later phase?
[A] Mohenjodaro
[B] Lothal
[C] Harappa
[D] Chanhudaro
Correct Answer: C [Harappa]
Notes:
During the later Mature Harappan phase, starting around 2600 BCE, strong walls were built around the city of Harappa. The earlier simple mud brick barriers were upgraded to tall walls, about 6 meters high, made stronger with baked bricks on the outside. This change shows that there were increasing dangers, requiring better defenses to keep the people safe.
7. Which Indus site shows the evidence of double burial?
[A] Harappa
[B] Lothal
[C] Kalibangan
[D] Dholavira
Correct Answer: B [Lothal]
Notes:
Double burials, which are quite uncommon, have been discovered at the Harappan site of Lothal in Gujarat. Archaeologists found two adult male skeletons along with grave goods such as ornaments in one burial mound. This suggests that there were deep emotional connections, indicating that relationships in Harappan society went beyond just family ties.
8. Which of the following Brahmana recommends ‘one hundred sacred paths’?
[A] Satpatha Brahmana
[B] Gopatha Brahmana
[C] Kathaka Brahmana
[D] None of the above
Correct Answer: A [Satpatha Brahmana]
Notes:
The most important Brahmana which is attechted to the Yajur Veda called the Satpatha Brahmana is the most exhaustive. It recommends ‘one hundred sacred paths’. Each of the Vedas has several Brahmanas attached to it.
9. Which of the following emerged as the chief means of livelihood of the Later Vedic people?
[A] Fishing
[B] Hunting
[C] Agriculture
[D] Rearing animals
Correct Answer: C [Agriculture]
Notes:
During the Later Vedic period, agriculture emerged as the chief means of livelihood. Large areas of forests were cleared by burning trees the mention of which is found in the Satapatha Brahmana. Cultivation was done by the plough.
10. The first Jain council was held at which of the following places?
[A] Patliputra
[B] Vallabhi
[C] Ujjain
[D] Vaishali
Correct Answer: A [Pataliputra]
Notes:
The first Jain council was held in 300 BCE at Patliputra. The council resulted in the Compilation of 12 Angas to replace Purvas (Rejection by Digambaras). Sthulabhadra was President of the first council.
