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1. Who will inaugurate the Vizhinjam International Seaport near Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, on May 2, 2025?
[A] Draupadi Murum
[B] Jagdeep Dhankhar
[C] Narendra Modi
[D] Pinarayi Vijayan
Correct Answer: C [Narendra Modi]
Notes:
On May 2, 2025, Prime Minister Narendra Modi will officially open the Vizhinjam International Seaport located near Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala. This event represents a significant advancement in India’s maritime infrastructure, as it will be the nation’s first semi-automated deep-water international container transshipment port. The development is a result of a Public-Private Partnership (PPP) involving the Kerala government, the central government, and Adani Ports. Positioned strategically near key international shipping routes, the port is anticipated to greatly improve India’s trade capabilities and establish Kerala as an important maritime center.
2. Which American city has officially declared April 14, 2025, as Dr. B.R. Ambedkar Day?
[A] New York
[B] Los Angeles
[C] Chicago
[D] Philadelphia
Correct Answer: A [New York]
Notes:
In a notable announcement, New York City has designated April 14, 2025, as Dr. B.R. Ambedkar Day, celebrating the 135th anniversary of Dr. Ambedkar’s birth, who is recognized as the architect of India’s Constitution. This declaration was made during a special event at the United Nations headquarters. Mayor Eric Adams officially recognized April 14, 2025, as Dr. B.R. Ambedkar Day, honoring the lasting impact of the esteemed social reformer and constitutional architect. This proclamation is part of the celebrations for Dr. Ambedkar’s 135th birthday, highlighting his significant contributions to human rights, justice, and equality. The announcement took place at a special gathering at the UN, where Union Minister of State for Social Justice and Empowerment Ramdas Athawale gave the keynote speech. The event was attended by dignitaries and community leaders, showcasing the global importance of Dr. Ambedkar’s principles.
3. Which country is set to open the Huajiang Grand Canyon Bridge, the tallest bridge in the world, in June?
[A] Japan
[B] Philippines
[C] Malaysia
[D] China
Correct Answer: D [China]
Notes:
China is poised to inaugurate the tallest bridge in the world this June, marking another significant achievement in engineering. The Huajiang Grand Canyon Bridge, currently under construction in Zhenfeng County, Guizhou Province—approximately 800 miles west of Shenzhen—will claim the title of the highest bridge globally. Guizhou is renowned for its remarkable engineering feats, housing nearly half of the world’s 100 tallest bridges. This new suspension bridge will rise to a height of 625 meters (2,051 feet) above the Beipan River, exceeding the height of the Eiffel Tower by 200 meters. It will also surpass the Millau Viaduct in France, which previously held the record at 343 meters (1,125 feet). The bridge will extend 2,890 meters (9,482 feet) in length and will have a total weight of 22,000 tons.
4. Pakkamalai and Gangavaram hills, which were recently seen in the news, are located in which state?
[A] Andhra Pradesh
[B] Karnataka
[C] Kerala
[D] Tamil Nadu
Correct Answer: B [Tamil Nadu]
Notes:
The Villupuram Forest Division is starting a study on the population of the grizzled giant squirrel in the Pakkamalai and Gangavaram hills. This region is rich in biodiversity and plays a key role in protecting this endangered species. The goal of the study is to collect initial data to develop effective conservation plans. The grizzled giant squirrel, classified under Schedule I of the Wildlife Protection Act of 1972, is recognized for its specific habitat needs and ecological significance. This species (Ratufa macroura) is the smallest in the giant squirrel family and is found in riparian forests in Southern India and Sri Lanka. Its unique greyish-brown fur, marked with white spots, gives it a ‘grizzled’ look. These squirrels are mainly tree-dwelling and are most active during early morning and late evening. They are important to their ecosystem as they search for fruits, seeds, and bark, which helps in plant dispersal and boosts floral diversity. Grizzled giant squirrels usually exist in scattered populations throughout Southern India, thriving particularly in the Western Ghats, with significant numbers in the Chinnar Wildlife Sanctuary and the Anamalai Tiger Reserve. Their habitat includes dense forests near rivers, which are crucial for their foraging and nesting needs.
5. Gandhi Sagar Wildlife Sanctuary, which was recently seen in the news, is located in which state?
[A] Rajasthan
[B] Uttar Pradesh
[C] Madhya Pradesh
[D] Gujarat
Correct Answer: D [Gujarat]
Notes:
Over two years after the reintroduction of African cheetahs into the wild in India, a new chapter in the conservation effort will commence with the transfer of two cheetahs from Kuno National Park to Gandhi Sagar Wildlife Sanctuary on April 20, 2025. This relocation represents a key development in the initiative, as it aims to establish Gandhi Sagar Wildlife Sanctuary in Mandsaur district as a second habitat for the species. The decision was made during a high-level review of the Cheetah Project, highlighting the joint efforts of both central and state governments to enhance conservation, research, and eco-tourism.
6. NISAR is a joint Earth observation satellite mission developed by ISRO and which space agency?
[A] Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA)
[B] National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
[C] European Space Agency (ESA)
[D] China National Space Administration (CNSA)
Correct Answer: B [National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)]
Notes:
NISAR, which stands for NASA-ISRO Synthetic Aperture Radar, represents a collaborative satellite initiative between the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO). Scheduled for launch in June 2025 from the Satish Dhawan Space Centre located in Andhra Pradesh, the mission will utilize the Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle Mark II (GSLV Mk II). This mission marks the inaugural radar-based Earth observation project developed jointly by India and the United States. NISAR is designed to conduct comprehensive mapping of the Earth’s surface every 12 days, thereby delivering timely and precise data. It will monitor changes in ecosystems, ice dynamics, shifts in vegetation, rising sea levels, groundwater variations, and natural disasters, including earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, tsunamis, and landslides.
7. India has recently signed an important defence Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with which country to enhance its domestic defence manufacturing capabilities?
[A] Malta
[B] Cyprus
[C] Greece
[D] Slovakia
Correct Answer: D [Slovakia]
Notes:
India and Slovakia have established a groundbreaking defence Memorandum of Understanding (MoU), representing a major advancement in India’s goal of achieving self-sufficiency in defence manufacturing. This agreement was formalized during Indian President Droupadi Murmu’s state visit to Slovakia in April 2025. It is the first such agreement between the two nations. As part of this partnership, JCBL Group’s defence division, Airbornics Defence & Space Pvt. Ltd. (ADSL), will work with Slovakia to create advanced technologies for next-generation combat vehicles, further supporting India’s initiative for indigenous manufacturing. The MoU highlights India’s commitment to decreasing its reliance on foreign defence imports by boosting domestic production capabilities.
8. What is the name of the new initiative recently launched by BRICS nations to address land degradation, desertification, and soil fertility loss?
[A] BRICS Land Health Mission
[B] BRICS Agriculture Mission
[C] BRICS Land Restoration Partnership
[D] BRICS Land Farming Partnership
Correct Answer: C [BRICS Land Restoration Partnership]
Notes:
Recently, the BRICS nations launched the “BRICS Land Restoration Partnership” at the 15th BRICS Agriculture Ministers’ meeting held in Brasilia, Brazil. This initiative is designed to address land degradation, desertification, and the decline of soil fertility among its 11 member countries. The partnership emphasizes a shared commitment to transforming the global agri-food system to ensure it is equitable, inclusive, innovative, and sustainable. BRICS stands for Brazil, Russia, China, and South Africa. Originally established in 2001, the group has since welcomed six additional members: Egypt, Ethiopia, the UAE, Iran, Indonesia, and Saudi Arabia. Together, they represent 47% of the global population and account for 36% of the world’s GDP. The BRICS Land Restoration Partnership aims to tackle significant agricultural challenges, improve food security, and address climate change. It also focuses on empowering smallholder farmers, especially women and youth, who play a crucial role in global food systems.
9. Which article of the Constitution of India grants the Supreme Court the authority to issue orders necessary for delivering complete justice?
[A] Article 141
[B] Article 142
[C] Article 143
[D] Article 144
Correct Answer: B [Article 142]
Notes:
Recent events in Indian politics have highlighted the growing tensions between the judiciary and the executive branches. Vice President Jagdeep Dhankhar has expressed concerns about a Supreme Court decision that set a deadline for the President to sign bills approved by state assemblies. This ruling, stemming from the Tamil Nadu versus the governor case, is seen as an encroachment on executive authority, leading Dhankhar to advocate for greater judicial accountability. Article 142 of the Indian Constitution empowers the Supreme Court to issue orders necessary for achieving complete justice. This provision allows the court to make rulings that can override current laws or address legal gaps. It gives the judiciary the power to enforce orders, demand document submissions, and handle cases of contempt. Although designed to ensure justice, it has been criticized for the risk of judicial overreach. Article 142(1) states that the Supreme Court can issue any order needed for complete justice, and these orders are enforceable throughout India, based on laws enacted by Parliament or directives from the President when no law exists. Article 142(2) allows the Court to summon individuals, request documents, or impose penalties for contempt of court, with these powers subject to modification by laws passed by Parliament.
10. Where was the 6th Asian Under-18 (U18) Athletics Championship 2025 held?
[A] Japan
[B] Vietnam
[C] China
[D] Saudi Arabia
Correct Answer: D [Saudi Arabia]
Notes:
Indian athletes achieved remarkable success at the 6th Asian Under-18 (U18) Athletics Championship 2025, which took place in Saudi Arabia from April 15 to 18. This championship was organized by the Asian Athletics Association at the Prince Naif Bin Abdulaziz Sports City, featuring participants under the age of 18 from 31 Asian nations. India secured a total of 11 medals, comprising one gold, five silver, and five bronze. Notably, Himanshu clinched the gold medal in the boys’ javelin throw event. In contrast, during the previous edition, the 5th championship held in 2023 in Tashkent, Uzbekistan, India had garnered a total of 24 medals.
11. What is the theme of World Liver Day 2025?
[A] Riding New Waves in Liver Diagnosis, Staging, and Treatment
[B] Food is Medicine
[C] Keep your liver healthy and disease-free
[D] Hepatitis-free future
Correct Answer: B [Food is Medicine]
Notes:
On World Liver Day 2025, with the theme ‘Food Is Medicine,’ let’s pause and consider our food choices. Embracing healthy eating habits along with regular physical activity can enhance our body composition and liver health. This year’s focus highlights how nutrition can help prevent and even reverse liver damage. Unhealthy eating patterns—like consuming too many processed foods, sugars, saturated fats, and alcohol—significantly contribute to liver issues such as fatty liver and cirrhosis. A diet abundant in fiber, antioxidants, healthy fats, and plant-based options can help reduce inflammation, improve liver enzyme levels, and aid in liver regeneration. The theme also advocates for changes in public policy, including the promotion of nutritious school meals, better food labeling, and awareness initiatives.
12. On which day is World Liver Day celebrated every year?
[A] April 21
[B] April 20
[C] April 19
[D] April 18
Correct Answer: C [April 19]
Notes:
World Liver Day is celebrated annually on April 19 to promote awareness about liver health and the prevention of liver diseases. The theme for 2025, “Food is Medicine,” highlights how important diet is for maintaining liver health. This day encourages people to recognize the significance of a healthy lifestyle and its impact on liver function. Since the liver plays a crucial role in detoxifying the body, aiding digestion, and storing energy, making mindful dietary choices can greatly improve its efficiency and strength. World Liver Day reminds us that even small, informed decisions about what we eat can be effective in combating liver diseases.
13. Which state government has launched the “Mahila Samvad” campaign to enhance women’s empowerment?
[A] Assam
[B] Sikkim
[C] Bihar
[D] Punjab
Correct Answer: C [Bihar]
Notes:
Bihar Chief Minister Nitish Kumar initiated the “Mahila Samvad” campaign to promote women’s empowerment. Its goal is to connect women with state welfare programs. This initiative focuses on informing and empowering women throughout Bihar, particularly in rural regions. The campaign aims to educate women about various government schemes and inspire them to make use of available resources. It also fosters communication between women and officials to address their issues. Additionally, the campaign plans to gather women’s suggestions for future policy development. It includes 600 “women dialogue” vehicles, which are equipped with large screens to display government initiatives. These vehicles will travel to every district to raise awareness, ensuring that information reaches even the most remote areas. They will enable direct interactions between women and government representatives. The campaign aims to reach over two crore women in Bihar and will hold discussions at around 70,000 locations. Senior officials will be available to address the concerns raised by women. This engagement strategy is designed to create a responsive government that promptly meets women’s needs.
14. The Maharashtra government has recently mandated the teaching of which language as a third language in schools?
[A] Telugu
[B] Sanskrit
[C] Hindi
[D] Urdu
Correct Answer: C [Hindi]
Notes:
The Maharashtra government has recently required schools to teach Hindi as a third language. This decision is in line with the National Education Policy (NEP) 2020. It applies to both Marathi and English medium schools for students in grades 1 to 5. The goal of this change is to improve language skills and foster inclusivity. On April 16, 2025, the Maharashtra school education department released a Government Resolution detailing a phased implementation of the NEP 2020 guidelines. The new curriculum follows a 5+3+3+4 education structure, which includes foundational, preparatory, middle, and secondary stages. Currently, only Marathi and English are required languages for grades 1 to 4. Starting in the next academic year, Hindi will be mandatory from Grade 1. This initiative aims to ensure that students are fluent in three languages by the end of their primary education. The syllabus will be created according to the National Council of Educational Research and Training (NCERT) standards, while also reflecting Maharashtra’s local context in subjects like History, Geography, and languages. This strategy seeks to offer a well-rounded educational experience.
15. Which institute has launched the nationwide initiative ‘HEALD’ to tackle liver disease on World Liver Day?
[A] Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR)
[B] Indian Institute of Science (IISc)
[C] Indian Institute Of Technology Madras
[D] Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences (ILBS)
Correct Answer: D [Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences (ILBS)]
Notes:
The Union Home Minister has recently introduced the HEALD Initiative to address liver diseases throughout India. HEALD, which stands for Healthy Liver Education and Alcohol-associated Liver Disease Prevention, is a groundbreaking national program focused on liver health. Launched by the Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences (ILBS), this initiative aims to combine public awareness, early detection, psychological support, medical treatment for alcohol use disorder, and management of liver diseases. It promotes awareness, prevention, rehabilitation, and policy integration to combat liver disease. Additionally, HEALD strives to diminish the stigma associated with alcohol dependence by incorporating mental health support, community outreach, and policy changes into liver care. The initiative is based on the belief that “behind every failed liver lies a missed opportunity,” and HEALD is committed to ensuring that no such opportunity is overlooked in the future. This initiative, inaugurated on World Liver Day, marks a significant shift in public health policy in India, focusing on education, early screening, and comprehensive treatment for liver diseases and alcohol use disorder.
